Langer's management group confirmed on Saturday their client had tendered his resignation, effective immediately.
Langer had met with Cricket Australia officials on Friday night after his future was discussed in length at a seven-hour board meeting earlier in the day.
It was after that meeting the call was made that Langer would finish up, with Australia now without a coach less than a month out from the tour of Pakistan.
"DSEG confirms that our client Justin Langer has this morning tendered his resignation as coach of the Australian men's cricket team," Langer's management group posted on social media.
"The resignation follows a meeting with Cricket Australia last evening. The resignation is effective immediately."
Langer's future had been a point of contention since senior players met with Cricket Australia's hierarchy last August to raise concerns over his intense nature.
On the field though, Langer enjoyed success.
His 55.5 per cent win record in Test cricket is second only to John Buchanan among all Australian coaches.
He also led Australia's first retention of the Ashes in England in 18 years in 2019, before winning the series 4-0 this summer, as well as claiming a maiden T20 World Cup title.
But throughout Australia's successful summer it became clear players were not willing to publicly endorse an extension of his contract.
Andrew McDonald is now expected to take over in the interim, having previously coached the side on white-ball tours in the absence of Langer.
McDonald is also the favourite to assume the role on a full-time basis with Trevor Bayliss and Jason Gillespie the other most likely candidates.
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