After his first All-Australian selection last year, the 32-year-old midfielder endured a disastrous season.
Persistent calf injuries restricted Treloar to just four senior games, leading to speculation his time might be up as the Dogs narrowly missed the finals.
But Treloar has made a successful VFL return, helping their affiliates Footscray beat Box Hill to reach the grand final this Sunday against Southport, and that earned him a contract for next season.
"At his best, Adam is one of the most damaging midfielders in the competition and we're really thrilled to have him sign on for 2026," Bulldogs football boss Sam Power said in a statement.
"Despite difficulty through injury during this campaign, Adam has been diligent and resilient in his recovery from calf setbacks, while continuing to support our program though his leadership and standards.
"His form and commitment in recent weeks through the VFL has shown Adam continues to have the attributes to influence games, giving our young players great exposure alongside an All-Australian calibre player.
"With a full pre-season on the horizon, we're really confident as a club that Adam can once again influence the AFL competition next season."
Treloar has played 258 AFL games at GWS, Collingwood and the Bulldogs.
"There is a lot of unfinished business from a personal and team perspective," Treloar said.
"It hasn't been the year I have wanted individually, but hopefully I can be a part of a very successful team in 2026."
The Bulldogs have some bid list calls to make after their frustrating season, in particular the future of key forward and No.1 draft pick Jamarra Ugle-Hagan.
He did not play any AFL this year and had time away from the club because of personal issues.
Also, Adelaide veteran Taylor Walker is still weighing up his future after his exit meeting with club hierarchy on Tuesday.
"I don't really have a timeline on it, to be honest," the 35-year-old told reporters.
Walker had a disappointing semi-final against Hawthorn last Friday night as the Crows became the first minor premiers in 42 years to make a straight-sets September exit.
Adealide informed 120-gamer Lachlan Murphy he won't be offered a new contract, ending the 26-year-old's career at West Lakes.Â