In a perfect response to last week's jibe from former England captain Mike Atherton, the Australian took the last five wickets of the game on Friday at Junction Oval.
Chasing 255, NSW were 0-90 and then 5-184 before Boland fired them out for 216 and Victoria won by 38 runs.
It comes a few days after Atherton said Boland would hold no fears for England if he was in the pace attack for the first Ashes Test. Australian captain Pat Cummins is unlikely to play because of a back injury.
"Some of my cousins sent it to me, just taking the piss," Boland said of Atherton's article.
"I'm sure there's going to be so much banter, former players, between now and the first Test and even to the end of the summer.
"I have my own internal motivations for what I want to do this summer. I'm never going into a game where I'm just middling along."
There was controversy on the final day - Matthew Gilkes was out to a sharp stumping, with NSW coach Greg Shipperd saying the umpire made a "pretty courageous" call.
Sam Harper was standing up to Fergus O'Neill and Victorian coach Chris Rogers said their fielders square of the wicket said they had no doubt that Gilkes' back foot was off the ground.
Boland then gave Australia A teammate Oliver Davies a send-off when he bowled him for 64.
It was the crucial breakthrough as Boland went from 0-54 to 5-67 and NSW lost their last five wickets for 32.
Shipperd said Boland's reaction to the wicket was "interesting".
"It's not the Scotty Boland I know," he said.
Rogers thought there might be history between Boland and Davies.
"They've had a little bit of a verbal stoush before, I don't think this is the only occasion," he said.
But Boland played down the incident, saying he and Davies were fine post-match.
"I was just excited to get a wicket. We've had some good contests ... all good there," Boland said.
Test opener Sam Konstas made a badly needed 53 as he and Blake Nikitaras (39) gave NSW the ideal start to their run chase.
Konstas' innings featured a ramped six off Boland, who shrugged it off.
"He did it last year as well ... he made a good 50," the paceman said.
But other than Davies, no other batsman scored more than 20.
Spinner Todd Murphy removed the two openers, plus No.3 Kurtis Patterson, and Rogers said his contribution was "exceptional".
Rogers added Boland's match-winning spell removed any doubts about his readiness for next month's first Ashes Test.
"If you'd (asked) an hour and a half ago, I would have said he still has a bit of work to do," Rogers said.
"It's amazing how class players step up when the moment counts."
Boland said he found his groove once he fixed a problem with his run-up.
"It wasn't like I'd let the team down, but I hadn't bowled as well as I wanted to for the whole week, so it's nice to put in a good performance," he said.
NSW lost 10-115 and Shipperd said it was "a victory that should have occurred".
"He (Boland) is elite and we weren't up to the mark," Shipperd added.
"Our batters ... just let a beautiful position slip dramatically and disappointingly ... the door was slammed shut on us."
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