NSW Premier Chris Minns says the meeting on Monday is "a critical first step on the path to our commitment to build the next generation of trains that replace the Tangaras".
The way to rebuild the NSW rail manufacturing industry in a sustainable way was to work with the federal government on a nationally-coordinated approach, he added.
The roundtable will include rollingstock manufacturers as well as businesses and unions involved in the rail manufacturing supply chain.
It will also involve academics, companies involved in research and development, along with transport and infrastructure department representatives from the Commonwealth, NSW and other states.
Transport Minister Jo Haylen said manufacturing in NSW was abandoned during the previous 12 years of coalition government.
While in opposition, Labor promised to reinvigorate the state's rail manufacturing industry after years of problems with foreign-built trains, trams and ferries.
"It's critical that the industry has confidence we are serious about repairing the damage they did," Ms Haylen said.
"Bringing the industry together like today sends that message loud and clear."
Federal Assistant Manufacturing Minister Tim Ayres says Australians want trains and rollingstock built and designed in Australia.
"After countless bungles under the previous state government, NSW is now heading in the right direction," he said.
"I commend the Minns government for their commitment to build the next generation of trains locally.
"The National Rail Manufacturing Plan is the key component of the Albanese Government's plan to see more trains built and designed by Aussies."
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