Aris Sumarsono, 58, whose real name is Arif Sunarso but is better known as Zulkarnaen, sat impassively as the prosecution announced the sentencing demand before a panel of three judges in East Jakarta District Court.
Police and prosecutors say Zulkarnaen is the former military commander of Jemaah Islamiah, a Southeast Asian militant group with ties to al-Qaeda.
The group is widely blamed for attacks including the 2002 bombings on the Indonesian resort island of Bali that killed 202 people, mostly foreign tourists including 88 Australian residents, as well as attacks in the Philippines.
Zulkarnaen had eluded capture for 18 years after being named a suspect in the October 2002 suicide bombings of Paddy's Pub and the Sari Club in Bali.
He was arrested last year in Lampung, a province on the southern tip of Sumatra. Police were tipped off to his hideout after interrogating several suspected militants arrested in earlier raids.
Zulkarnaen argued that he was a leader of the network's military wing but was not involved in the operation of the Bali bombings, as he was focused on organising his squad for sectarian conflicts in Ambon and Poso and in the southern Philippines.
During his trial, which began in September, other convicted militants in the 2002 Bali bombings, including Umar Patek and Ali Imron, who were sentenced to 20 years and life in jail, respectively, supported Zulkarnaen's claim, saying he knew about the plot but did not play a role in its operation.
State prosecutor Agus Tri told the court that Zulkarnaen's acts had resulted in deaths and injuries and that there was no reason for leniency.
"The defendant was involved in the Bali bombings plan," he told the court. "He also instructed his group's special forces led by him to save Jemaah Islamiah's assets, including weapons and explosives."
Police previously said Zulkarnaen masterminded church attacks that occurred simultaneously in many Indonesian regions on Christmas and New Year's Eve in 2000 that killed more than 20 people.
He was also the mastermind of a bomb attack on the official residence of the Philippine ambassador in Jakarta in 2000 that killed two people, and the architect of sectarian conflict in Ambon and Poso from 1998 to 2000.
Zulkarnaen, a biologist who was among the first Indonesian militants to go to Afghanistan in the 1980s for training, was an instructor at a military academy there for seven years, Indonesian police said.
Since May 2005, Zulkarnaen has been listed on an al-Qaeda sanctions list by the UN Security Council for being associated with Osama bin Laden or the Taliban.
The Security Council said that Zulkarnaen was one of al-Qaeda's representatives in Southeast Asia and one of the few people in Indonesia who had had direct contact with bin Laden's network.
He became operations chief for Jemaah Islamiah after the arrest of his predecessor, Encep Nurjaman, also known as Hambali, in Thailand in 2003.
Zulkarnaen's next hearing is set for January 12, when he and his lawyers will respond to the prosecution.
